Research on the design and application of animal tracking management system based on RFID

At present, people's demand for meat and dairy products is increasing day by day: at the same time, people are also paying more and more attention to the reliability of the quality of these products, which poses a new challenge to some companies and requires them to have a complete The management system strictly supervises and controls the production and processing of these products. However, in the past decade or so, animal epidemics have continued to break out around the world, such as mad cow disease, Streptococcus suis, foot and mouth disease, avian influenza, etc., which have posed serious threats to people's health and lives, and also dealt a heavy blow to the world's livestock industry. industry, thus attracting great attention from countries around the world. To this end, governments around the world have quickly formulated corresponding policies and taken various measures to strengthen the monitoring and management of animals, among which the identification and tracking of animals has become one of these important measures. For example, the British government stipulates that various tracking and identification methods must be adopted for farmed animals such as pigs, horses, cattle, sheep, and goats.

The purpose of this system research is to apply RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology to establish a complete, flexible and convenient management system to improve the modern management level of pig farms; at the same time, when problems arise with pork and its products, it is convenient for managers to quickly Find out the source of the disease and take appropriate measures to avoid further losses. RFID is a non-contact automatic identification technology with the characteristics of large data storage, readability, strong penetration, long reading and writing distance, fast reading rate, long service life, and good environmental adaptability. And it is the only automatic recognition technology that can achieve multi-target recognition.

1 System structure and working principle

The RFID-based animal identification and tracking management system consists of three parts: RFID radio frequency card, reader and writer, and computer network, as shown in Figure 1. The reader/writer is generally used as a computer terminal to read, write and Store data on RFID Cards. It is composed of a control unit, a high-frequency communication module and an antenna. The readers in this system include fixed and handheld readers. The RFID card is a passive transponder, which is mainly composed of an integrated circuit (1C) chip and an external antenna. The RFID chip usually integrates radio frequency front-end, logic control, memory and other circuits, and some even integrate the antenna together. on the same chip.

The basic working principle of this system is: when a pig with an "ear stud" (RFID card) enters the radio frequency field of the reader, the induced current obtained by its antenna is boosted by the boost circuit and used as the power supply for the chip. The induced current with information is detected through the radio frequency front-end circuit and the digital signal is sent to the logic control circuit for information processing; the required reply information is obtained from the memory and sent back to the radio frequency front-end circuit through the logic control circuit, and finally sent back to the reader through the antenna writer.

The computer network obtains pig information in the farm through the interface, and integrates the basic functions required for daily management of the pig farm. It integrates all the records, statistics, reports and other tasks involved in the daily management of the pig farm that were originally done manually. Implement computer management. The system basically meets the current production and management needs of pig farms, provides information from a macro decision-making perspective, facilitates managers to understand the management status of pig farms in a timely and accurate manner, and improves the level of modern management.

2. System hardware design

The implementation of the hardware circuit in this system includes three parts: the installation of the pig "ear studs" (RFID cards), the implementation of the tag reader and the establishment of the computer network.

2.1 Installation of “ear studs” (RFID cards)

At present, the basic methods of installing electronic tags on animals include collar type, ear tag (nail) type, injection type and pill type electronic tags. Each type of tag has its own characteristics and scope of application. The cost of collar tags is too high, and injection tags and pill tags are not suitable for animals such as pigs, so this system uses "ear stud" electronic tags. Ear-stud electronic tags not only store a lot of data, but are also resistant to dirt and rain. The information stored in the "ear-stud" radio frequency card includes: the address of the town where the pig farm is located, postal code, breed information, ear-stud wearing date, quarantine and immunization information, disease information, family tree and breeding information, release date, etc., all This information must cover the entire life cycle of the pig from birth to facilitate identification, tracking and management of the pig.

2.2 Implementation of RFID tag reader and writer

There are two types of RFID tag readers used in this system: one is a fixed reader; the other is a handheld reader, see Figure 2. The main difference between a fixed reader and a handheld reader is that the handheld reader can read a large amount of RFID tag information and then input the information into the system's software platform through the PC's USB interface or COM port. middle. After the fixed reader/writer reads the RFID tag information, it is transmitted to the software platform in real time without storing it in the reader/writer. The fixed reader/writer is installed at a fixed location in the pig house and can exchange data and information in real time through the CAN bus network and software platform. The handheld reader is very convenient to use. It only reads the RFID tag information in a centralized manner and then exchanges data with the PC.