ETC technology will be the development trend of a new generation of vehicle access management

ETC (Electronic Toll collection, electronic non-stop toll collection system) is an advanced toll collection method that is strongly promoted by countries around the world. The car owner only needs to install the electronic tag on the car window. When the vehicle passes through the toll station, the electronic tag of the passing vehicle is read and written through the reader and writer set up at the toll station, and the electronic tag is automatically read from the pre-bound radio frequency card or bank account. After deducting the corresponding fees, car owners can quickly pass through the toll station without parking and manual payment, making the journey truly smooth. ETC technology will be the development trend of a new generation of vehicle access management.

The ETC system is mainly composed of automatic vehicle identification system, central management system and other auxiliary facilities. Among them, the automatic vehicle identification system consists of OBU (On board unit), RSU (Road side unit), loop sensors, etc. OBU (electronic tag) Stores vehicle-related information and is generally installed on the front windshield of the vehicle. RSU (reader/writer) is installed next to the toll station. Loop sensors are installed under the roadway floor. The central management system stores a large amount of information about registered vehicles and vehicle owners. When the vehicle passes through the toll station, the loop sensor senses the vehicle, the RSU sends out an inquiry signal, and the OBU responds and performs two-way communication and data exchange. The central management system obtains the vehicle identification information and makes a comparison and judgment, and controls it according to different situations. The management system generates different operations to achieve automatic management of driving vehicles.

The ETC system uses a dedicated DSRC (dedicated short-range communication) method to exchange through long distance (10m ~ 30m), complete encrypted communication mechanism (supports 3DES, RSA algorithm), and non-contact method (working frequency band supports 915MHz, 2.45GHz and 5.8GHz) ETC information enables automatic identification of vehicles in a fast-moving state, thereby achieving automated management of targets.

Compared with the previous manual toll collection system, the current ETC system has the following advantages:

First, traffic flows more smoothly. Drivers can pay automatically through the ETC system without stopping, which effectively improves the vehicle traffic capacity of toll stations, avoids traffic jams caused by toll stations, and improves highway utilization.

Second, payment is convenient and transparent. Drivers paying through the ETC system means that more vehicles will pass through per unit time, thus speeding up payment and improving payment efficiency.

Third, energy saving and environmental protection. The ETC system reduces the waiting time for vehicles to pay manually at toll stations, reduces fuel consumption, and reduces exhaust emissions when the vehicle is idling, thus achieving the effects of saving energy and protecting the environment.

The mature application of the ETC system has laid a solid foundation for future Intelligent transportation. Recently, this technology has also been applied to peak period congestion charging in central urban areas.

With the gradual improvement of ETC technology and the rapid increase in the proportion of ETC installation and use, ETC is no longer satisfied with a single highway scenario. It is a general trend to move from highways to more parking scenarios in cities.

In fact, from the perspective of meeting the needs of car owners and parking operation managers to quickly identify vehicle identities and provide safe and convenient charging services, there are currently only two service models: ETC and license plate recognition, and the competition between the two focuses on license plate recognition. Field, that is, ETC uses wireless communication signals and related equipment to automatically identify license plate information. License plate recognition uses high-definition cameras to take high-definition photos to identify license plates. Currently, WeChat, Alipay, and various banks are vigorously competing for the license plate information after the vehicle has passed. payment market and the post-automotive big data market.

From the perspective of market share, the current main market for ETC is in the highway field, while other urban parking scenarios are dominated by license plate recognition. However, license plate recognition and the resulting non-inductive payment methods for parking and the smart parking industry have gradually emerged in recent years and are being strongly promoted by multiple capitals.

Through the wireless microwave information exchange between the on-board electronic tag (OBU) and the microwave antenna (RSU) installed on the roadside, vehicle identification and vehicle entry and exit management can be completed without parking. The 5.8GHz ETC non-stop card reading technology adopted by the system has the characteristics of long communication distance, high vehicle recognition rate, fast communication rate, low background noise, strong anti-interference ability, etc. It also has high security and is a new generation of vehicle access management system. development trend.